Clean Water Asia

The right to water is the most basic human right. Water is the lifeblood of the planet, and the fight for water is a social justice struggle at the intersection of political power plays and environmental science. This struggle is fought by people in China, Guatemala, and India being displaced by giant dams, by farmers in California’s Central Valley who are being poisoned by agricultural runoff in their drinking water, by traditional fisherfolk fighting for the return of migratory fish blocked by mega-dams around the world.

Clean, reliable water is a resource that is critical to our health and quality of life. Water is something that people usually take for granted until it is either gone or unsuitable to drink. Water is a limited resource and the demand is always increasing. Water managers throughout the world have a constant struggle to keep water flowing without compromising water supplies for future generations.

Water supply and demand, water management and conservation and the economic and ecological aspects of drinking water are constant issues which need to be dealt with. Throughout the world utility workers, scientists and engineers, government officials, and many others constantly work to provide safe and clean drinking water. These efforts affect many aspects of society, from the health of individuals and eco-systems to the health of a nation's economy.

Droughts bring increased media attention to water issues, but extreme conditions are only a small part of the problems water managers encounter. Even the modern water systems of developed nations face such challenges as chemical contamination, waterborne diseases, supply shortages, and deteriorating, outdated infrastructures. water supply and demand, water management and conservation and the economic and ecological aspects of drinking water.

Although water covers about 70 percent of the Earth, less than 1 percent is available as freshwater. The vast majority of the water is found in the ocean which is too salty to drink and unfitfor many other applications. About two-thirds of the fresh water on the Earth is frozen in ice caps and glaciers, which leaves only a small fraction accessible for human use.

Surface water, such as lakes, reservoirs, rivers, and streams is the primary water source. Groundwater, that is water underground in highly permeable rocks, soil, and sand can be extracted through wells or found as springs. Technically speaking, groundwater resources exceed salt-free surface water, but we use surface water more often because it is easier to access in large quantities.

Climate Change.

The Earth's climate is changing and its atmosphere is warming. What might this mean for freshwater resources?

• Rising water demands.
• Increased drought.
• Seasonal supply reductions.
• Long-term water supply reductions.

Water Recycling

Water recycling, or water reuse, can be either direct or indirect. In direct potable reuse, wastewater is used for drinking purposes directly after treatment.
In indirect potable reuse, treated wastewater is discharged and mixed into a lake, a river, or groundwater before being extracted and treated again for use. Unlike direct potable reuse, indirect potable reuse is now fairly common.
Recycled water systems (commonly called Grey Water) is commonly used to irrigate gardens, parks and golf courses. Such recycling cuts down on the amount of high quality water extracted for non-potable purposes, thus helping to conserve the best freshwater resources for drinking.

Desalination

Another option for augmenting water supplies is a process called desalination. During desalination, salt and other dissolved solids are removed from seawater or brackish groundwater. The worldwide desalination capacity has approximately doubled in the last fifteen years. This capacity continues to grow steadily. Nearly half of the current global desalination capacity is located in the Middle East, with the remaining capacity distributed throughout North America, Europe, and Asia.
Until recently, the cost of desalination was prohibitively expensive in many areas. Advances in membranes and reverse-osmosis technologies, however, have significantly reduced the costs of producing desalinated water. Meanwhile, the costs of other alternatives for augmenting water supplies have continued to rise, making desalination more attractive in a relative sense. Water from Air Generators

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